Transmission



Dec. 16, 1941. E. F. NORELIUS 2,266,397

TRANSMI S S ION 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed March 17, 1939 Decl 16, 1941. E. F. NORELIUS 2,266,397

TRANSMISSION Filed March 17, 1959 e Sheets-Sheet 2 Dec. 16, 1941.

E. F. NORELIUS TRANSMISSION Filed March 17, 1959 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 I I I I I I IEE E. F. NORELIUS TRANSMISSION Ill.

Dec. 16, 1941.

Filed Marh 17, 1959 Dec. 16, 1941. E. F. NORELIUS TRANSMISSION Filed March 17, 1959 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 De 16, 1941. E. F noazuus 2,266,397

TRANSMISSION Filed March 1'7, 1959 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 to provide for four speeds in the 'on a work shaft, and

Patented Dec. 16, 1941 PATENT OFFICE TRANSMISSION Emil F. Norelius, Springfield, 111., signer to Allis-Chalmers waukee, Wia, a corporation Manufacturing Company, Milof Delaware Application March 17, 1939, Serial N0. 282,342

Claims. (Cl. 74- 333) The invention relates to change speed transmissions of theintermeshing gear type, and one of the objects of the invention is to provide an improved arrangement of the gears in a transmission of this type, whereby a speed change may be effected within a relatively short space axially of the gears. More specifically, it is an object of the invention to provide an improved gear arrangement affording more than two speed changes within a short space axially of the gears.

Another object of the invention is to provide a transmission in which a plurality of loose gears on the driving shaft are connectable either directly or indirectly therewith for transmitting power to a driven shaft, counter-gearing being used to connect any one of the loose gears indirectly with the driving shaft and to rotate it relative thereto. In this connection it is a further object to the invention to provide improved means for establishing and interrupting the direct driving connections between the driving shaft and the loose gears, and for establishing and interrupting the indirect driving connections between the driving shaft and the loose gears.

Still another object of the invention is to pro-- vide a transmission in which two loose gears, as mentioned in the preceding paragraph, are used same direction, the speeds increasing in the following order: the first of th loose gears directly connected with the driving shaft; the second of the loose gears directly connected with the driving shaft; the first of the loose gears indirectly connected with the driving shaft; and the second of the loose gears indirectly connected with the driving shaft.

Another object of the invention is to provide a change speed transmission having a plurality of loose gears on the driving shaft which are respectively in constant mesh with driven gears in which the loose gears are also respectively in constant mesh with counter-gears rotatable about an axis radially spaced from the axes of the driving and 'work shafts, provisions being made for selectively transmitting power from the driving shaft to either of the loose gears on the driving shaft or to either of the counter-gears. In this connection, it is a further object of the invention to provide improved means for selectively transmitting power from the driving shaft to the loose gears and to the counter-gears. v

A stfll further object of the invention is to provide an improved change speed transmission in which trains of constantly meshing gears are used to transmit power from a driving to a driven shaft in the same direction at different speed ratios, and in which the driven shaft may be rotated in opposite directions through an alternately meshable gear mechanism, the constantly meshing gear trains idling while the driven shaft is rotated in one direction or the other through the alternately meshable gear mechanism.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a transmission operable by a single hand lever to establish five forward speeds and one reverse speed, and in which the drive establishing positions of the hand lever are arranged'as follows: first and reverse speed positions opposite to each other at one side of the neutral position; second and third speed positions opposite to each other at th other side of the neutral position; and fourth and fifth speed positions at'the side of the second and third speed positions remote from the neutral position. Preferably, the reverse, second and fourth speed positions of the hand lever are arranged forwardly of the neutral position, and the first, third and fifth speed positions are arranged rearwardly of the neutral position of the hand lever.

A still furtherobject of the invention is to provide, a change speed transmission which is simple and compact in construction, eificient in operation, and which may be manufactured at relatively low costs.

These and other objects and advantages of the invention willbe apparent from the following descriptlon of a preferred embodiment of the invention. Referring to the drawings forming part of this specification and in which like reference characters designate the same or similar parts in the various views:

Fig. 1 is a side view, partly in section, of a transmission having five forward speeds and one reverse speed; the view being taken on line 1-1 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 2. is a diagrammatical transverse section of the transmission shown in Fig.1. taken in the plane 11-11 of Fig. 1; r

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig.' 1 showing a section of the transmission taken on line IIIl1I of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a top view of the transmission shown in Figs. 1 and 3 with part of the cover and its associated parts removed to expose the shift bars;

Fig. 5 is a side view of the shift mechanism partly in section; v u

Fig. 6 is a section on line VI-VI in Fig.5;

Fig. 7 is a section on line VI[VII of Fig. 5;

Fig. 8 is a section on line VIII-VIII of Fig. l: the transmission gears being omitted to expose the shift forks;

Fig. 9 is atop view of a tumbler forming part of the shift mechanism; I

Fig. 10 is an end view of the tumbler shown in Fig. 9, one-half of the tumbler being shown in section on line X-X of Fig. 9;

Fig. 11 is an end view of the tumbler Fig. 10;

shown in Figs. 12, 13 and 14 are views similar to Fig. 8 showing the shift lever in different positions;

Figs. 15 to 20 are diagrammatic developed views showing different settings of the transmission for various speeds; and

Fig. 21 is a shift diagram showing possible,

movements and positions of the handle'end of the shift lever.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 3' the reference I numeral designates a transmission housing having relatively spaced transverse walls i and 1 A countershaft 4 is stationarily mounted in another pair of the bearing openings in the front and rear walls as shown in Fig. 1, a lock plate 9 retained by a bolt l securing the countershaft 4 in axially fixed position. A work shaft 3 ex-- tends through the third pair of bearing openings in the front and rear walls of the transmission casing I and is journaled in the front wall by means of a double ball bearing. 6 and in the rear wall by a roller bearing 8.

The power shaft 2 has a splined portion extending the entire length between the front and rear walls of the transmission casing and the power shaft is prevented from axial displacement by bearing retaining nuts H and 23. An oil seal |2 surrounds the power shaft 2 in proximity to the ball bearing '5 to prevent the escape of lubricant from the transmission housing through the ball bearing 5 and the bearing opening for the double ball bearing 6 is closedby a cover l3 which is secured to the outside of the forward wall of the transmission casing. The splined portion of the power shaft 2 between the front and rearwalls of the transmission housing is reduced in diameter in the rearward portion of the transmission housing and a first speed and reverse pinion I6 is slidably mounted on the larger diameter portion of v the power shaft in the forward part of the transmission housing. Mounted on the smaller diam-' eter portion of the power shaft 2 in the rearward part of the transmission housing is an internal splined sleeve 2| which interlock-s with the splines of the power shaft 2 and is retained against'axial displacement thereon by retaining washers l4 and IS. The sleeve 2| has a radially projecting ring portion which is provided with a series of circumferential teeth. An internally and externally toothed ring gear 25 is axially slidable on the ring portion of the sleeve 2| and non-rotatably connected therewith by the outwardly projecting teeth of the ring portion which interlock with the inwardly projecting teeth of the ring gear 25. A ring gear 26 is rotatably mounted on the sleeve 2| at one side of the annular projection thereof by means of a roller bearing 21, the ring gear 26 having a clutch section 25 projecting axially therefrom towards the ring gear 25. The clutch section 26 has a gaged by the sleeve 2| establishes a driving connection from the power shaft 2 to the gear 26.

A double gear comprising a large pitch diameter section 26 and a small pitch diameter section 30 is rotatably mounted on the sleeve 2| by means of rollers 3|, the double gear being provided with a clutch section 30' corresponding to the clutch 26 and having a circumferential series of clutch teeth adapted to be engaged by the internal teeth of the ring gear 25 when the latter is moved to the left from the position in which it is shown in Fig. 3. Engagement of the ring gear 25 with the clutch section 30' establishes a driving connection between' the power shaft 2 and the double gear 29, 30.-

The work shaft 3 has a splined portion on which the following gears are non-rotatably and non-shiftably mounted. A first speed gear iii, a reverse speed gear 20 and a pair of gears 32 and 28, the first speed gear I 8 is selectively connectable with the power shaft 2 by axial sliding movement of the pinion l6. The gear 28 of the work shaft is in constant mesh with the gear 26 of the power shaft and the gear 32 is in constant mesh with the large pitch diameter gear 23 of the power shaft. Rotatably mounted between the first speed gear l8 and reverse gear 20 of the work shaft is an idler gear meshing with pinion l6 when the latter is positioned as shown in Fig. 3. The idler gear I! has no driving connection with the work shaft, but serves to circulate lubricant within the transmission hous- The countershaft 4, as stated, is non-rotatably mounted in the transmission housing and as shown in Fig. 1 carries a reverse idler i3 which is in permanent mesh with the reverse gear 20 of the work shaft 3. The pinion |6 on the power shaft may be moved into mesh with the reverse idler If! by backward movement from the position in which the pinion i6 is shown in Figs. 1 and 3. Arranged between the reverse idler l9 and the forward wall of the transmission housing is a spacer 39 and a thrust washer 38 bearing against the hub of the reverse idler l9. Axially alined on the countershaft 4 in the space between the reverse idler l9 and the rearward wall of the transmission housing are two countergears 33 and 31 and a sleeve 34 interposed be tween the counter-gears 36 and 31. Roller bearings 35 arranged on the countershaft cooperate with the gears 36, 31 and the sleeve 33 to rotatably support these parts on the countershaft.

The sleeve 34 has a series of circumferential teeth and an internally and externally toothed driven counter-gear 33 is slidably and non-rotatably mounted on the sleeve 34, the internal teeth of the counter-gear 33 interlocking with the external teeth of the sleeve 34. The hub of the counter-gear 36 has a clutch section 36' at the side thereof facing the counter-gear 33, the clutch section 36 having a circumferential series of teeth engageable by the internal teeth of the counter-gear 33 by axial movement of the latter on the sleeve 34. The counter-gear 33 may be moved axially towards the counter-gear 36 over the clutch section 36' and in this manner the counter-gears 33 and 36 may be connected for rotation in unison about the axis of the countershaft 4. The counter-gear 31 has a clutch section the counter-gear 33 by'axial clutch section 31 connects the counter-gears 33 and 31 for rotation in unison about the axis of countershaft I. The counter-gear 36 is in constant mesh with the power shaft gear 26, and the countershaft gear 31 is in constant mesh with the small pitch diameter section 36 of the double gear 29, 36 of the power shaft. The counter-gear, is in constant mesh with the power shaft gear 25 and has alarger axial width than the power shaft gear 26'. This arrangement permits axial shifting of the powershaft gear 26 and the ;.counter-gear 33 relative to each other without moving these gears out of mesh. A thrust washer 24 is interposed between the hub of the counter-gear 36 and the rearward wall of the transmission housing and it will be noted that the gears I 9, 36 and 31, while rotatable aboutthe axis of the countershaft 4, are retained in axially fixed positions relative thereto.

It should be noted that the large pitch diameter section of the double gear 29,36 projects into the space between thercounter-gears 36 and 31 which arrangement is preferred because it results in a relativelyclose axial length of the transmission. It should also be noted that the pitch diameter of the power shaft gear 25 is larger than the pitch diameter of the power shaft gear 29 whereby interference of the counter-gear 33 with the power shaft gear 29 during shifting of the counter-gear 33 into clutching engagement with the counter-gear 31 is avoided.

It should also be noted that the gear 36 with its associated clutch section 36' and the gear 31 with its associated clutch section 31 are identical in shape, both I diameter, but thie gear 31 is mounted on the; countershaft l in an inverted position relative to the gear 36 so that the clutch sections 36' and 31' bear'against opposite ends of the sleeve 34. The duplicate use of the same gear; as explained with respect to the gears 36 and 31, is an advantage since it cheapens the costs of manufacture.

In operation rotary power, as from an internal combustion engine, is applied to the power shaft 2 and a driven member, such as awheel driving axle of a motor vehicle, is rotated by the work shaft 3, a spiral bevel gear 43 for driving the ring gear of an axle drive mechanism of a motor vehicle being shown at the rear end of the work shaft 3. Fig. shows the transmission set for driving the work shaft 3 from the power shaft 2 at a first or low speed forward. In this setting of the transmission the pinion I6 is in 'mesh with the low speed gear l6 on the work shaft, and the power shaft gear 25 and. the counter-gear 33 occupy neutral positions so as to permit idling rotation of the constantly meshing gears 28, 26 and 36 and of the constantly meshing gears 32, 29 and of the constantly meshing gears 36 and 31. The counter-gear 33 is also idly rotated by the power shaft gear 25 while the work shaft 3 is being rotated at first or low speed through the pinion i6.

Fig. 16 shows the transmission set for rotation of the work shaft 3 at second speed forward. In this setting the pinion I6 is in a neutral position between the work shaft gear 18 and the reverse idler i9, and the power shaft gear 25 is in clutching engagement with the power shaft gear 26. The counter-gear 33 occupies a neutral position between the counter-gears 36 and 31, but is still in mesh with the power shaft gear 25. The pitch diameter'of the power shaft gear 26 is larger than the pitch diameter of the pinion i6 gears having the same pitch and the second speed forward will therefore be higher than the first speed forward.

Fig-1'7 shows the transmission set for third speed forward. In this setting the pinion i6 is positioned as for second speedforward, and the power shaft gear 26 is in clutching engagement with /the double gear 29,, 36. The counter-gear 33,'while in constant mesh with the power shaft gear 26, occupies a neutral position between the counter-gears 36 and 31 so as to permit idling rotation of the counter-gears 36 and 31. The pitch diameter of the large pitch diameter section of the double gear 29, 36, in constant mesh with the work shaft gear 32', is larger than the pitch diameter of the power shaft gear 26 and the third speed forward will therefore be higher than the second speed forward.

Fig. 18 shows the transmission .set for fourth speed forward. In-this setting the power shaft gear 25 occupies a neutral position between the power shaft gears 26 and 29 and the countergear 33 in constant mesh with the power shaft gear 25 is in clutching engagement with a counter-gear 36. The flow of power from the power shaft 2 is through the power shaft gear 25 to the counter-gear 33 and from the counter-gear 33 through the counter-gear 36 to the power shaft gear 26 and from the power shaft gear 26 to the work shaft gear 28. It should be noted that the pitch diameter of the pinion shaft gear 25 is larger than the pitch diameter of the countergear 33 and the pitch diameter of-the countergear 36 is larger than the pitch diameter of the power shaft gear 26. In fourth speed forward the work shaft will therefore rotate at a higher rate of speed than in third speed forward.

Fig. 19 shows the transmission set for fifth speed forward. In this setting the pinion I6 is positioned as in the second, third and fourth speeds. The power shaft gear 25 occupies a neutral position between the power shaft gears 26 and 29 and the counter-gear 33 while in constant mesh with the power shaft' gear 25 is moved into clutching engagement with the counter-gear 31. The pitch diameter of the countergear 31 is larger than th pitch diameter of the power shaft gear 36 with which it is in constant mesh, and the pitch diameter of the power shaft gear 29 is larger than the pitch diameter of thepower shaft gear 36. In fifth speed forward the work shaft 3 will therefore be rotated at a higher rate of speed than at the fourth speed forward.

Fig. 20 shows the transmission set for reverse speed. The pinion i6 is in mesh with the reverse idler I9 which in turn is in constant mesh with the work shaft gear 26. The power shaft gear 25 and the counter-gear 33 are in neutral p0sitions permitting idling rotation 'of the power shaftgears 26 and 29, 36, and of the countergears 36 and 31.

The constant mesh arrangement of the gears 26, 26 and 36, and the constant mesh arrange= ment of the gears 32' and 29 and 36 and 31, and the constant mesh, arrangement of the gears 25, 33 results in easy shifting with respect to second, third, fourth and fifth speeds forward and eliminates the battering of the driving teeth which usually accompanies the shifting of driving and driven gears into mesh with each other.

The mechanism for shifting the pinion l6 and i the gears 25 and 33 comprises three shift forks 56 is seated in a pocket 4| .of the forward wall of the transmission casing, the bracket being retained on the transmission casing by means of bolts 56'. The pocket 4| is extended laterally to receive part of I the hub of the shift fork 44 when the latter is moved forwardly .to engage the pinion IS with the first forward speed gear I8. The bracket 50 is permanently secured to the rod 49 by welding as indicated in Fig. 6. The bracket 5| at the rear end of the shaft 49 projects into a hole 42 in the rear wall of the transmission casing as indicated in Figs. 5 and 7- and retained in place by bolts 5|. The bracket 5| is slidably removable from the shaft 49 to permit assembly and dissembly of the shift forks 44, 45 and 46 on the shaft 49.

The shift fork 44 has a forked portion engaging a groove 44' in the hub of the pinion l6 and the shift fork 45 has a forked portion engaginga groove 45' in the power shaft gear 25, as shown in Fig. 3, and the shift fork 46 has a forked portion engaging a groove 46' in the countergear 33 as shown in Fig. 1. Referring to Figs. 4 and 5, it will be seen that a shift bar 52 is secured to the hub of the shift fork 44 and extends parallel to the rod 49 in a rearward direction. A shift bar 53 is secured to the hub of the shift fork 45 and extends parallel to the rod 49 in a forward direction and in juxtaposition to the shift rod 52. A shift bar 54 projects from the hub of the shift fork 4'6 and extends parallel to the rod 49 and in juxtaposition to the shift rod 53. Each of the shift rods 52, 53 and 54 has a recess 41 in its upper edge for the reception of the lower end of a gear shift lever 48. .As shown in Fig. 8 the gear shift lever 48 is universally mounted by means of a gimbal joint 64 on a cover 6| which is bolted to the transmission housing The gimbal joint 64 is protected by a flexible boot seal 68 and a spherical seal 12.

In Fig. 4 the shift bars are shown in their neutral positions, that is, in the positions in which the pinion I6 is out of mesh with the first speed gear l8 and the reverse idler 9 an'd'in which the power shaft gear 25 and the countergear 33 are disconnected from the clutch sections 26' and 36' and from the clutch sections 36' and 31', respectively. In the neutral position of the shift bars 52, 53 and 54, the gear shift lever 48 may be moved transversely of the shift bars within the recesses 41 thereof, these recesses being in alined position as shown in Fig. 4. The lower end of the shift lever 48 which enters the recesses 41 is provided with a ball portion 65 of smaller width transversely of the shift bars than the width of each individual shift bar as shown in Fig. 8. At a short distance above the ball portion 65 of the shift lever a spherical portion 66 is formed on the shift lever, the portion 66 cooperating with a tumbler 61 shown in detail in Figs. 9, 10 and 11.

The tumbler 61 is formed in one piece and comprises a narrow bridge section 69 and a wide bridge section 10 connected by side sections 1| and 13. The side sections 1| and 13 are relatively spaced leaving an open slot 14 between them, and bearing arms 15 and 16 extend laterally from the side sections II and 13, respectively, in opposite directions. Extending downwardly from the bridge section 10 at one side of the slot 14 is a locking tongue 11, and another locking tongue 18alined with the locking tongue 11 extends downwardly from the bridge portion 16 at the other side of the slot 14. The width of the locking tongues 11 and 18 is only slightly larger than the transverse width of the shift bars 52, 58 and 54, as may be seen from Figs. 12. 13 and 14, each of these shift bars being intended to slide longitudinally through the space between the locking tongues 11 and 18.

Referring to Fig. 8, it will be seen that the bearing arms 15 and 16 of the tumbler 61 are longitudinally slidable in bearing bushings 19 and 80 mounted in the cover 6|. -A spring 8| is placed into a longitudinal bore 82 of the bearing arm 15 and bears at one end against the closed end of the bore and atthe other end against a plunger 83, the plunger 83 having a rod 83 extending towards a plate 84 secured to the bearing-bushing 19. A spring ring 85 in the end of the bore 82 limits the outward movement of the plunger 83 within the bore 82. A spring and plunger 86 and 81 similar to the spring and plunger 8| and .83 are arranged in a bore 88 of the bearing arm 16, the plunger 81 having a plunger rod 81' extending towards plate 68 secured to the bearing bushing 86 and a spring ring 90 similar to the spring ring 85 limits outward movement of the plunger 81 within the bore 88 of the bearing arm 16. The bridge section 69 of the tumbler slidably engages a lug 9| formed on the cover 6| forwardly of the shift lever 48 and the bridge section 16 slidably engages a lug 82 similar to the lug 9| formed on the cover 6| rearwardly of the shift lever 48 as shown in Fig. 5. Fig. 8 shows the tumbler in what will be called its neutral position. In this position the plungers 83 and 81 are seated against the spring rings 85 and 90, and movement of the tumbler transversely of the shift bars 52, 53 and 54 is impeded by contact of the plunger rods 83' and 81' with the plates 84 and 89, respectively. The springs 8| and 86 cooperating with the tumbler and with the plungers 83 and 81, and the plunger rods 83' and 81 cooperating with the plates 84 and.89 yieldingly retain the tumbler in its neutral position in which it is shown in Fig. 8. The spherical portion 66 of the shift lever 48 is positioned in the open slot 14 of the tumbler 61. The portion 66 fits snugly into the slot 14 of the tumbler and the shift lever 48 is consequently retained in its neutral position in which it is shown in Fig. 8 as long as the tumbler 61 occupies its neutral position. Movement of the shift lever 48 transversely of the shift bars 52, 53 and 54 in opposite directions willcause a corresponding movement of the tumbler 61. The bearing arm 15 of the tumbler has a shoulder 15' which space between the relatively opposed edges of the limits movement of the tumbler in by contact of the. shoulder 15' with the bearing bushing 19, while movement of the tumbler in the opposite direction is limited by contact of a shoulder 16' on the bearing arm 16 with the bearing bushing 80.

The plane of the locking tongues 11 and 18 intersects the shift'bars 52, 53 and 54 on the dash-dotted line AA indicated in Fig. 4. The shift bar 52 has a notch 55 which coincides with the plane of the locking tongues 11, 18 when the shift bar occupies its neutral position in which it is shown in Fig. 4. The shift bars 53 and 54 each have a similar notch 55 which coincides with theplane of the locking tongues 11, 18 when the shift bars EJccupy the'neutral position in which they are shown in Fig. 4. In the neutral position of the shift bars, and in the neutral position of the tumbler, the locking tongue 11 of the tumbler projects into the notch 55 of the shift bar 52 and the locking tongue 18 of the one direction tumbler projects into the notches 55 of the shift position in the notches 55 of the 1 movement of the the pinion I8 is bars 53 and 54 as shown in Fig. 8. In the neutral position of the tumbler shown in Fig. 8 the ball portion 85 of the shift lever 48 occupies a position between the shift bars 52 and 53, but since the recesses 41 of the shift bars are alined in the neutral position of the shift bars, the shift lever may be moved transversely of the shift bars either to the right or left so as to position the ball portion 85 entirely in the recess 41 of any of the shift bars as illustrated in Figs. 12,13 and 14.

When the shift 1ever48 is moved into the posi- I tion shown in Fig. 12, the tumbler 81 is moved by the spherical portion 88 of the shift lever against the pressure of the spring 8| and the locking tongue 11 of the tumbler is withdrawn from thenotch 55 of the shift bar 52 while the locking tongue 18 of the tumbler occupies a shift bars 53 and 54 and prevents longitudinal -movement of the shift bars 53 and 54. In the position of the shift lever 48 as shown in Fig. 12, the shift bar 52 may be moved from itsneutral position into a drive establishing position either forwardly or rearwardly by forward or rearward movement of the shift lever 48. During such movement of the shift lever its spherical portion 88 slides within the open slot 14 of the locking tongue 18 remains lockingly engaged with the shift bars 53 and 54. Movement of the shift bar 52 in a forward direction corresponding to a handle end of the shift lever 48 in a rearward direction, as indicated by arrow 93 in Fig. 5, brings the pinion l8 into mesh with the low speed gear l8, and I8 is fully meshed with thegear l8 a groove 56 registers with the locking tongue 11. When the handle end of the shift lever 48 is now released the spring 8| urges the tumbler towards the left in Fig. 8 and the locking tongue 11 enters the groove 58 of the shift bar 52 and looks the shift bar in low speed position. When the tumbler tumbler and the the spring 88 urges when the pinion I locking tongue 11 partly into engagement with the groove 51 in substantially the same manner as described hereinbefore in connection with the establishment of the first forward speed drive.

In order to move the power shaft gear 25 into engagement with the power shaft gear 28 for establishment of the second forward speed drive,

the shift lever 48 is moved from the neutral position shown in Fig. 8

into the position in which it is shown in Fig. 13. It will be seen that in this position the locking tongue 11 locks the shift bar 53 by engagement of the locking tongue 11 with the notch 55 of the shift bar 52 and that the locking tongue 18' is withdrawn from the notch 55 of the shift bar 53 so that the shift bar willbe free to move in a forward or rearward direction between the locking tongues 11 and 18. In the position of the shift lever 48 as shown in Fig. 13 the locking tongue 18 only engages the notch 55 of the shift bar 54 and locks this shift bar in neutral position. From the position in which the shift lever is shown in Fig.

13 its handle end may be moved in a forward direction opposite to the direction of arrow 93 ibndicated in Fig. 5 to cause movement of the shift ar 5 gagement of the power shaft gear 25 with'the power shaft gear 28. This movement of the shift bar 53 brings a groove 58 inthe shift bar53 into registry with the locking tongue 18, and upon release of the handle end of the shift. lever 48 the locking tongue 18 into engagement with the groove 58, this movement being stopped by engagement of the ball portion 85' with the adjacent face of the shift bar 52. It will be seen that after completion of the second speed drive all shift bars are again posiward the shift moves to the left in Fig. 12 under the pressure of the spring 8|, the ball portion 85 of the shift lever is moved into cent face of theshift bar 53 and the locking 'tongue 11 will therefore not fully enter the position the shift lever may be moved back into neutral position to bring the notch 55 into the plane of the locking tongue 11 and upon release of the handle end of the shift lever 48 the spring 81 urges the shift lever into the neutral position in which it is shown in Fig. 8. f

In order to engage the pinion 16 with the reverse idler 19 the shift lever 48 is moved from the position in which it is shown in Fig. 8 into the position in which it is shown in Fig. 12 and the shift lever is then moved forwardly until fully meshed with the reverse idler 19. Movement of the shift bar 52 in a rear ward direction for establishing the reverse drive istry with the locking tongue."

engagement with the adja-.

' Upon release of lease of the shift lever the springtl moves the "the notches 55 of the shift bars 52 the locking tongue 18 is fully withdrawn from tivelylocked in position.

In order to'move into clutching engagement with the power shaft gear 29 for the establishment of third speed forlever 48 is moved into the position in'which it is shown in Fig. 13 which movement liberates the shift bar 53 as explained hereinbefore in connection with the establishment of'the second speed drive. Movement of the handle end'of the shift lever 48 in a rearward direction brings the power shaft gear 25 into clutching engagement with thepower shaft gear 29 and also a. groove 59 of the shift bar 53 into registry with the locking tongue 18. the handle end of the shift lever 53 will then be positively locked in position due to entry of the-locking tongue 18 into the groove 59 under the pressure of the spring 88. It will be noted that upon completion of the third speed drive all shift bars are again positively locked in position.

Preparatory to' establishment of fourth and fifth speed drive the shift lever 48 is moved into the position in which it is shown in Fig. 14. In this position the locking tongue 11 engages and 53 and 48 the shift bar engagement with the shift bar 54 so that the latter may be moved to engage the counter-gear 33 with the counter-gear 38 for establishment of fourth speed drive. This movement of the shift bar 54 is accomplished by movement of the shift lever 48 in a forward direction opposite to the direction of the arrow 93 in Fig. 5 and brings a groove 82 in the shift bar 54 into registry with the locking tongue 18 of the tumbler. Upon release of the handle end of the shift lever 48 the spring 88 will therefore move the locking in a rearward direction and thereby en-.

the power shaft gear 25 tongue I! into the groove 82 and the ball portion 65 into engagement with the adjacent face of the shift bar 53. The shift lever 48 being prevented from returning to neutral position, the a locking tongue TI remains lockingly engaged with Fifth speed drive is engageable by said driving clutch element, means for shifting said movable clutch element to selectively connect it with and disconnect it from said driven clutch element, a first gearnonrotatably associated with said driving clutch element, a second gear non-rotatably associated with said driven clutch element, a work shaft, a gear non-rotatably connected with said work shaft and in constant mesh with said second gear, a countergear'rotatable about an axis radially spaced from the axes of said power and work the shift lever '48 the spring 88 moves the locking tongue 18 into engagement with the groove 63 and in fifth speed drive all shift bars are again 'positively locked in position in the same manner as explained hereinbefore in connection with the fourth speed drive.

Fig. 21 is a shift diagram indicating the movements of the handle end of the shift lever for establishing the various speeds. The reverse speed position and the second and fourth speed positions of the handle end are adjacent to a plane through the forward transmission wall I and the first speed, third speed and fifth speed positions are adjacent to a vertical plane through the rear wall I" of the transmission casing I. The neutral position of the shift lever is indicated by the reference character N, and it will be noted that the first and reverse speed positions are located to one side of the neutral position, and the second and third speed positions to the other side of the neutral position, which arrangement is substantially the same as in a conventional three speed transmission except that the reverse speed and first speed positions are spaced 1 wider apart from each other than the second and third speed positions. The shorter spacing of.

the second and third speed positions is caused by the fact that the power shaft gear 25 has a shorter axial travel between the power shaft gea s 26 and 29 than the axial distance through which the pinion l6 must be moved between the gear l8 and the idler l9. As shown in Fig. 21,

the fourth and fifth speed positions of the handle end of the shift lever 48 are to the right of the second and third speed positions, the lower speed being in advance of the neutral position and the higher speed to the rear of the neutral position the same as with respect to second and third speed. The final positions of the handle end are indicated by-circles slightly ofi'set from the lines indicating the movement of forward and rearward shift of the shift lever, the offsetting of the' circles from the shift lines indicating the slight motion of the shift lever under the action of vthe springs 8| and 86 which causes the positive locking of the respective shift bar at the end of a shift.

While in the foregoing a preferred embodiment of the invention has been shown and deshafts and in constant mesh with said first gear,

and selectively engageable and' disengageable power transmitting means drivingly connected, respectively, with said second gear and with said countergear.

2. In a change speed transmission, a power shaft, an axially movable driving clutch element on said power shaft and a driven clutch element engageable by said driving clutch element, means for shifting said movable clutch element to selectively connect it with and disconnect it from said driven clutch element, a first gear nonrotatably associated with said driving clutch element, a second gear non-rotatably associated with said driven clutch element, a work shaft, a gear non-rotatably connected with said work shaft and in constant mesh with said second gear, a countergear rotatable about an axis radially spaced from the axes of said power and work shafts and in constant mesh with said second gear, and selectively engageable and disengageable power transmitting means drivingly connected, respectively, with said first gear and with said power shaft and said second power shaft gear being rotatable independently thereof, and one of said power shaft gears being slidable axially of said power shaft, driving and driven clutch elements respectively associated with said first and second power shaft gears and relatively engageable and disengageable by axial movement-of said slidable power shaft gear, a

work shaft, 9. gear non-rotatably connected with on said power shaft and. a driven clutch element 5 said work shaft and in constant mesh with said second power shaft gear, a first counter-gear in constant mesh with said first power shaft gear, a second counter-gear in constant mesh with said second power shaft-gear, and relatively engageable and disengageable power transmitting means respectively connected with said first and second counter-gears.

4. In a change speed transmission, a power shaft, a first and a second power shaft gear axially alined on said power shaft, said first power shaft gear being non-rotatably connected with said power shaft and said second power shaft gear being rotatable independently thereof, and one of said power shaft gears being slidable axially of said power shaft, driving and driven clutch elements respectively associated with said first and second power shaft gears and relatively engageable and disengageable by axial movement of said slidable power shaft gear, a work shaft, a gear non-rotatably connected with said work shaft and in constant mesh with said second power shaft gear, axially alined first and second counter-gearsrespectively in constant mesh with said first and second power shaft gears and rotatable independently of each other, one of said counter-gears being axially slidable relative to I the other, and

a shaft gear, axially thereof, a second counter-gear driving and driven clutch elements respectively associated with said first and second counter-gears and relatively engageable by axial movement of said slidable counter-gear.

5. In a change speed transmission, a power shaft, a first and a second power shaft gear axially alined on said power shaft, said first power shaft gear being non-rotatably connected with said power shaft and said second power I shaft gear being rotatable independently thereof, and one of said power shaft gears being slidable axially of said power shaft, driving and driven clutch elements respectively associated with said first and second power shaft gears and relatively engageable and disengageable by axial movement of said slidable power shaft gear, a work shaft, a gear non-rotatably connected with said work shaft and in constant mesh with said second power shaft gear, axially alined first and second counter-gears respectively in constant mesh with said first and second power shaft gears and rotatable independently of each other, the counter-gear in constant mesh with said axially slidable power shaft gear being axially slidable relative to the other counter-gear, and driving and driven clutch elements respectively associated with said first and second countergears and relatively engageable and disengageable by axial movement of said slidable countergear.

6. In a change speed transmission, a power shaft, a first power shaft gear non-rotatably'connected with and slidable axially of said power shaft, a second power shaft gear axially alined with and rotatable independently of said first power shaft gear, driving and driven clutch elements respectively associated with said first and second power shaft gears and relatively engageable and disengageable by axial movement of said first power shaft gear, a work shaft, a gear non-rotatably connected with said work shaft and in constant mesh with said second power alined first and second counter-gears respectively in constant mesh with said first and second power'shaft gears and rotatable independently of each other, one of said counter-gears being axially slidable relativeto the other, and driving and driven clutch elements respectively associated with said first and second counter-gears and relatively engageable by axial movement of said slidable counter-gear.

7. In a change speed transmission, a power shaft, a first power shaft gear non-rotatably connected with and slidable axially of said power shaft, a second power shaft gear axially alined with and rotatable independently of said first power shaft gear, driving and driven clutch elements respectively associated with said first and second. power shaft gears and relatively engageable and disengageable by axial movement of said first power shaft gear, a work shaft, 9. gear nonrotatably connected with said work shaft and in shaft and driven clutch elements at opposite sides of and in axial alinement with said driving clutch element, means operable toselectively connect and disconnect said driving clutch element with either of said a first gear non-rotatably associated with said driving clutch element, second and third gears non-rotatably associated, respectively, with said driven clutch elements, a work shaft, a pair of gears non-rotatably connected with said work shaft and respectively in constant mesh with said second and third gears, a pair of countergears respectively in constant mesh with said second and third gears, and selectively engageable and disengageable power transmitting connections between each of said counter-gears and 9. In a change speed transmission, a power shaft, a driving clutch element non-rotatably and slidably connected with said power shaft, a pair of driven clutch elements at opposite sides of and axially alined with said driving clutch element, means for axially shifting said driving clutch element to selectively connect it with and disconnect it from either of said driven clutch elements, a first gear non-rotatably associated with said driving clutch element second and third gears'non-rotatably associated, respectively, with said driven clutch elements, a work shaft, a pair of gears non-rotatably connected with said work shaft and in constant mesh, respectively, with said second and third gears, a

slidably connected with said power shaft, a pair constant mesh with said second power shaft gear,

shaft, a driving clutch element on said power' of driven clutch elements at opposite sides of and axially alined with said'driving clutch element,

means for axially shifting said driving clutch.

element to selectively connect it with and disconnect it from either of said driven clutch elements, a first gear non-rotatably associated with said driving clutch element, second and third gears non-rotatably associated, respectively, with said driven clutch elements, a work shaft, a pair of gears non-rotatably connected with said work shaft and in constant mesh, respectively, with said second and third gears, a pair of countergears respectively in constant mesh withsaid second and third gears, and selectively engageable and disengageable power transmitting connections between each of said counter-gears and saidfirst gear.

11. In 'a change speed transmission, a power shaft, a first power shaft gear non-rotatably connected with said power shaft, second'and third power shaft gears rotatable independently of each other and of said power shaft about the axis of the latter, clutch mechanism associated with said power shaft and with said second and third power shaft gears and operable to alternately connect said second and third power shaft gears with said power shaft, a work shaft, a pair of driven clutch elements,

' first counter-gear, relatively engageable and disengageable power transmitting means respectively connected with said first and second countergears, and relatively engageable and disengageable power transmitting means respectively connected with said first and third counter-gears.

12. In a change speed transmission, a power shaft, a first power shaft gear non-rotatably connected with said power-shaft, second and third power shaft gears rotatable independently of each other and of said power shaft about the axis of the latter, primary clutch mechanism associated with said power shaft and with said second and third power shaft gears and operable to alternately connect, said second and third power shaft gears with said power shaft, 9. work shaft, a pair of gears non-rotatably connected with said work shaft and respectively in constant mesh with said second and third power shaft gears, first, second and third counter-gears respectively in constant mesh with said first, second and third power shaft gears, said second and third counter-gears being rotatable independently of each other and of said first counter-gear about the axis of the latter, and secondary clutch mechanism associated with said counter-gears and operable to alternately connect said second and third counter-gears with said first countergear.

13. In a change speed transmission, permanently meshing driving and driven gears each being axially shiftable relative to the other, a first pair of axially fixed gears at opposite sides of said driving gear and rotatable independently thereof and of each other about the axis of said driving gear, driving clutch elements on said driving gear alternately engageable with driven clutch elements on said first pair of gears by axial movement of said driving gear in opposite directions, a second pair of axially fixed gears at opposite sides of said driven gear and rotatable independently thereof and of each other about the 1 axis of said driven gear, driving clutch elements on said driven gear alternately'engageable with driven clutch elements on said second pair of gears by axial movement of said driven gear in opposite directions, said first. pair of gears being in constant mesh with said second pair of gears; and a third pair of relatively non-rotatable gears in constant mesh with said first pair of gears.

14. In a change speed transmission, permanently meshing driving and driven gears each being axially shiftable relative to the other, a double gear having relatively large 'and small pitch diameter sections, axially alined with said driving gear and connectable therewith by axial movement of said driving gear, a counter-gear axially alined'with said driven gear and connectable therewith by axial movement of said driven gear, said counter-gear being in constant mesh with one section of said double gear, and a gear rotatable about an axis radially spaced from the axes of said driving and driven gears and in constant mesh with the other section of said double gear.

15. In a change speed transmission, permanently meshing driving and driven gears each being axially shiftable relative to the other, a double gear having relatively large and small pitch diameter sections, axially alined with said driving gear and connectable therewith by axial movement of said driving gear, a counter-gear axially alined with said driven gear and connectable therewith by axial movement of said driven gear, said counter-gear being in constant mesh with said small pitch diameter section of said double gear, and a gear rotatable about an axis radially spaced from the axes of said driving and driven gears and in constant mesh with said large pitch diameter section of said double gear. I

16. In a change speed transmission, permanently meshing driving and driven gears each being axially shiftable relative to the other, 'a double gear axially alinedwith said driving gear and connectable therewith by axial movement of said driving gear, said double gear having relatively large and small pitch diameter sections, the large pitch diameter section facing said driving gear, a counter-gear axially alined with said driven gear and connectable therewith by axial movement of said driven gear, said counter-gear being in constant mesh with said small pitch diameter section of said double gear, and a gear in constant mesh with said large pitch diameter section of said double gear.

17. In a change speed transmission, permanently meshing driving and driven gears, said driven gear being of larger axial width than said driving gear and each of said gears being axially shiftable relative to the other, a double gear axially alined with said driving gear and connectable therewith by axial movement of said driving gear, said double gear having relatively large and small pitch diameter sections, the large pitch diameter section facing said driving gear, a counter-gear axially alined with said driven gear and connectable therewith by axial movement of said driven gear, said counter-gear being in constant mesh with said small pitch diameter section of said double gear, and a gear in constant mesh with said large pitch diameter section of said double gear.

18. In a change speed transmission, permanently meshing driving and driven gears, said driving gear having a larger pitch diameter than said driven gear and each of said gears being axially shiftable relative to the other, a double gear having relatively large and small pitch diameter sections, axially alined with said driving gear and connectable therewith by axial movement of said driving gear, a counter-gear axially alined with said drivengear and connectable therewith by axial movement of said driven gear, said counter-gear having a pitch diameter larger than said small pitch diameter section of said doublegear and being in constant mesh therewith; and a gear of a pitch diameter notlarger than the pitch diameter of aid large pitch diameter section of said double gear and in constant mesh therewith.

19. In a change speed transmission, first and second driven gears coaxlally and non-rotatably connected with each other, primary and secondary gears coaxial with each other and respectively in constant mesh with said first and second drivengears, first and second counter-gears coaxial with each other and respectively in constant mesh with said primary and secondary gears, rotary driving means selectively connectable with either said primary or secondary gear,

and rotary power transmitting means drivingly connected with said rotary driving means and selectively connectable with said first or second counter-gear.

20. In a change-speed transmission, first and second driven gears coaxially and non-rotatably connected with each other, a primary gear in constant mesh with said first driven gear, a secondary gear having sections of difierent pitch (11- I ameters coaxial with said primarygear, one section of said secondary gear being in constant mesh with said second driven gear, a first counter-gear in constant mesh with said primary gear, a second counter-gear coaxial with said first counter-gear and in constant mesh with another section of said secondary gear, rotary driving means selectively connectable with either said primary or said secondary gear, and rotary power transmitting means drivingly connected with said rotary driving means and selectively connectable with said first or second counter-gear.

21. In a change speed transmission, a first and a second driven gear coaxially and non-rotatably connected with each other, a primary gear in constant mesh with said first driven gear, a secondary gear having relatively large and small pitch diameter sections coaxial with said primary gear, the large pitch diameter section of said secondary gear being in constant mesh with said second driven. gear, a first counter-gear in constant mesh with said primary gear, a second counter-gear coaxial with said first countergear and in constant mesh with said small'pitch diameter section of said secondary gear, rotary driving means selectively connectable with either said primary or secondary gear, and rotary power transmitting means drivingly connected with said rotary driving means and selectively connectable with said first or second counter-gear.

22. In a change speed transmission, a first and a second driven gear coaxially and non-rotatably connected with each other, a primary gear in constant mesh with said first driven gear, a secondary gear having relatively large and small pitch diameter sections coaxial with said primary gear, the large pitch diameter section of said secondary gear being in constant mesh with said second driven gear, first and second countergears of equal pitch diameters, respectively in constant mesh with said primary gear and with said small pitch diameter section of said secondary gear, rotary driving means selectively conziectable with either said primary or secondary gear, and rotary power transmitting means drivingly connected with said rotary driving means and selectively connectable with said first or second counter-gear.

23. In a change speed transmission, a first and a second driven gear coaxially and nonrotatably connected with each other, a primary gear in constant mesh with said first driven gear, a secondary gear having relatively large and small pitch diameter sections coaxial with said primary gear, said second driven gear constantly meshing with said large pitch diameter section of said secondary gear, first and second countergears of equal pitch diameter, respectively in constant mesh with said primary gear and with said small pitch diameter section of said secprimary gear and with said small pitch diameter section of said secondary gear, said countergears being rotatable independently of each other about a common axis, a driven gear coaxial with said counter-gears and in constant mesh with said driving gear, said driven gear bein alternately connectable with said counter-gears by axial movements of said driven gear in opposite directions, a work shaft, and a pair of work shaft gears non-,rotatably connected with said work shaft and respectively in constant mesh with said primary gear and with said large pitch diameter section of said secondary gear.

25. A change speed transmission as set forth in claim 24, in which said driving gear has a larger pitch'diameter than said driven gear in constant mesh therewith.

26. A change speed transmission as set forth in claim 24, in which said driven gear has a smaller pitch diameter than said driving gear and than said counter-gear in constant mesh with the small pitch diameter section of said secondary gear, and in which the pitch diameter of said large pitch diameter section of said secondary gear is not smaller than the pitch diameter of said work shaft gear in constant mesh therewith.

2'7. A change speed transmission as set forth in claim 24, in which the pitch diameter of said driving gear is larger'than the pitch diameter of said driven gear and of the large pitch diameter section of said secondary gear, and in which the large pitch diameter section of said secondary gear faces said drivinggear.

28. A change speed transmission as set forth in claim 24, in which the pitch diameter of said first counter-gear is equal to the pitch diameter of said second counter-gear.

29. A change speed transmission as set forth in claim 24, in which the pitch diameter of said ondary gear, the pitch diameter of said countergears being larger than that of said small pitch diameter section, rotary driving means selectively connectable with either said primary or secondary gear, and rotary power transmitting means drivingly connected with said rotary driving means and selectively connectable with said first or second counter-gear.

24. A change speed transmission comprising, a power shaft, primary and secondary gears rotatable independently of each other and of said power shaft about the axis of the latter, said secondary gear having relatively large and small pitch diameter sections, a driving gear between first counter-gear is equal to the pitch diameter of said second counter-gear and larger than the pitch diameter of said driven gear, and in which the pitch diameter of said driven gear is smaller than the pitch diameter of the driving gear in constant mesh therewith.

30. In a change speed transmission, a work shaft having three forward speed gears and one reverse speed gear non-rotatably secured thereto in axially fixed positio a power'shaft having a pinion non-rotatably and slidably mounted thereon and a primary and secondary gear rotatably mounted on said power shaft and in constant mesh with-the second and third of said forward speed gears, first, second and third axially alined counter-gears respectively in constant mesh with said reverse speed gear and with said primary and secondary power shaft gears, rotary driving means operable by said power shaft and selectively connectable with said primary or secondary power shaft gears, and rotary power transmitting means drivingly connected with said rotary driving means and selectively connected with said second and third counter-gears, said pinion being selectively engageable with the first of said forward speed gears and with the first of said counter-gears.

EMIL F. NOREIIUS. 

